Visual Perception Assessment And Therapy

Evaluation of visual perception skills includes:

Visual-Motor Integration: Visual-motor integration is the ability to accurately discriminate complex visual information and to use fine motor skills (body movements) to copy or reproduce this information. Visual-motor integration skills correlate with an individual's skill in written work: copying words/symbols from text/blackboard to page, handwriting skills. An individual with poor visual-motor integration skills may respond better orally than with written answers.

Form Perception: This is the ability to discriminate a visual form that is incomplete (closure), hidden (figure-ground), disorganized (organized) or broken apart(assembly). Deficiences in form perception often are manifest by the tendency to mistake words with similar beginnings and to use other senses (ie - verbal) as an aid in completing visual tasks. An individual with poor form perception also will experience difficulty recognizing previously learned words, or even the alphabet.

Laterality / Directionality: Spatial orientation refers to an individual's familiarity with the concepts of left and right. Difficulties in this area commonly cause reversal of letters and words when writing/copying/reading, which impedes word recognition and comprehension. A tendency to read from right to left also may develop.

Visual Memory: Visual memory is the ability to remember visual information after presentation for a short period of time. There are two types of visual memory: visual sequential memory (remembering the sequence of objects, letters, words, etc.) and visual spatial memory (remembering the location of objects). Visual memory is used in word recognition, vocabulary and reading comprehension.

Intersensory Integration: Auditory-visual integration involves relating what is heard to what is seen. Deficiencies in auditory-visual integration results in difficulties relating symbols (letters) to their sounds (phonics) and in poor spelling.

Signs of Visual Perception Problems:- often loses place when reading - rereads or skips lines unknowingly - omits words frequently - reverses numbers, letters or words - mispronounces similar words - mistakes words with same or similar beginnings - confuses same word in same sentence - fails to visualize what is read - writes up-hill or down-hill on paper - orients drawings or writing poorly on page - misaligns both horizontal and vertical series of numbers - makes errors in copying - reverses numbers, letters or words - repeats or omits letters within words when copying

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